Behind the dazzling keywords of "zero accident", "no congestion", and "autonomous driving", the Internet of Vehicles appeared under the "preferred application of the Internet of Things", but it was still a mess. At the end of October 2010, a message that "the Internet of Vehicles will be included in the national major science and technology special project with huge financial support" made the concept of Internet of Vehicles a hit in the capital market. Stocks related to automotive electronics and intelligent transportation rose in response, and many stocks once reached daily limit, and the concept of Internet of Vehicles stock was also born. The concept of Internet of Vehicles has become popular quickly, but the commercial value and technical model seem to be in the fog. "It is too early to discuss the realization of the Internet of Vehicles," Xing Tao, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters from the "National Finance and Economics Weekly", "Technology, markets, standards, business models, etc. are inadequate. It takes quite a long time to build up. " Dominance Compared with the smart grid, security and other fields, the Internet of Vehicles is not the most mature and closest to the actual application of the Internet of Things, but with its strategic height and huge consumer market, it has still won strong attention. The emergence of the Internet of Vehicles has brought opportunities for industrial upgrading in the fields of automobile manufacturing, content provision and mobile communications. On the one hand, it promotes the auto industry to move from pure hardware sales to a new model of bundling with services and content; on the other hand, it also allows operators and service providers to quickly locate high-end customer groups and facilitate the provision of products and services. In addition, the state's requirement for new energy vehicles "must have remote monitoring capabilities" also allows the Internet of Vehicles to span two strategic emerging industries. There is no strict definition of the so-called Internet of Vehicles. Simply put, the car is used as a node in the information network to realize the collaborative interaction of people, vehicles, roads and the environment through wireless communication and other means to achieve intelligent transportation. However, since its birth, the Internet of Vehicles has always faced a "unmanned" situation that lacks a unified management subject. "At present, the most critical issue of the Internet of Vehicles is the management of multiple heads." Wang Lijian, secretary general of the China Internet of Things Standards Joint Working Group, told reporters from Caijing National Weekly that automobile manufacturing is returned to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The three major management departments are all in charge. It is not clear who will come out as the main body, and there are more than one or two industry associations around the automobile. At the same time, several departments have their own projects related to the Internet of Vehicles, and it is unclear whether they can finally be integrated into a system. In response, Zhang Xiaoyu, president of the China Society of Automotive Engineering, said that the automotive industry is only a service target, and will not do overall planning work. "We also just knew the concept of Internet of Vehicles, and it is not clear." Compared with the three major management departments, mobile operators, automotive electronics companies, content providers, and service providers are more active in participating in the Internet of Vehicles. Due to the long industrial chain of car networking and the large number of participating industries, the understanding of the "blind touch" phenomenon of car networking is everywhere, and the game of interest is inevitable. "It's basically chaotic now, and many people are talking about Internet of Vehicles from different angles." Li Haifeng, director of the Information Technology Research Office of the Academy of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Transportation, explained to reporters from the "National Finance Weekly" In the framework of "system", the Internet of Vehicles should be the meaning of vehicle-road collaboration, and it is the product of qualitative changes that have occurred at a certain stage in the development of transportation informatization. Technical shortcomings Sun Qibo, an associate professor at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, told the Caijing Weekly reporter that with the birth of the concept of Internet of Vehicles, automotive electronics has changed from the original focus on machinery and safety to the emphasis on system integration capabilities, as well as the relationship between vehicles and vehicles, vehicles and environment Collaborative interaction. The Internet of Vehicles should solve the problem of information exchange and sharing among various systems, and at the same time achieve effective interaction with drivers and passengers. In addition, the Internet of Vehicles is connected through the body network, and can also obtain various sensor data in the body, which is used for alarm or remote diagnosis after processing. However, most of the high-end sensors used for information collection, the core technology of the chip is not mastered by Chinese companies. At the same time, the bottleneck of the communication network bandwidth has also become a technical problem for the Internet of Vehicles. Li Haifeng believes that the current 3G network bandwidth cannot meet the future transmission needs of images and streaming media, and the 4G network and DSRC (dedicated short-range communication) autonomous network technology have not yet completely broken through. When the collected information is gathered into the data center, it must be stored, interacted and analyzed. In China, the core technology has not yet been mastered in cloud computing and super massive data processing. Finally, on the basis of comprehensively obtaining accurate information of the system, intelligent processing for different applications is a worldwide problem. It requires a lot of work to study the mathematical model of intelligent applications. And Wang Lijian believes that at present, China has a certain level of chip design and development, but the problem of autonomous controllability is still serious. "China's Internet domain name system and addresses, as well as article barcodes, all use foreign technical systems and coded addresses. IoV cannot repeat the same mistake in vehicle identification." Wang Lijian said. In fact, the Ministry of Public Security has introduced a special electronic tag with a recognition rate of over 99.9%, which can be installed on the car windshield to form a unique identification of the vehicle's identity and location information. However, to track vehicle information, it is necessary to deploy a certain density of data collection facilities in the monitoring area. Difficult mode In the face of the huge market temptation, Internet-related enterprises are reluctant to wait for technology and management to break through. Telecommunication operators, automotive electronics and service companies, and even auto trading companies have begun to move forward with a simplified version of the Internet of Vehicles operating model—integrating around the vehicle-mounted intelligent platform to achieve the integration of content and applications. Relying on the advantages of mobile network channels, the current three major operators' promotion methods on the Internet of Vehicles are basically to connect in-vehicle smart terminals with wireless channels to provide real-time traffic and road conditions, navigation, rescue positioning, vehicle condition detection, 4S shop reservations and other operations Services, mostly based on call centers or mobile Internet, do not involve any new technology, only equivalent to a new business development based on the existing network. "But this is still far away from the Internet of Vehicles. Many services are provided by people. Is this the Internet of Things?" Xing Tao questioned that the real Internet of Vehicles should be integrated by multiple information systems. The information between roads, roads, and environment is interoperable, and it is based on the Internet of Things technology. "Relevant standards have not been introduced yet, and even the initial stage can not be counted. However, what can be realized under the existing technical conditions and can immediately see the benefits, only this model." Xing Tao said. But even this existing model does not guarantee success in the business model. The so-called "Internet of Vehicles" products and services that are currently entering the market are all car manufacturers paying orders for end users, usually one to three years, and it is still unknown whether they will actively renew services after expiration. "Overseas contract renewal rate is only about 30%. In the final analysis, the business model is where the money comes from, and the most important thing is how to let the end user actively pay the bill. This is not resolved. It is wrong to rely on the internal coordination of the industry." Shanghai Huihan Shen Jian, chairman of the Information Technology Co., Ltd., told reporters from China Finance & Economics Weekly. In fact, at present, companies engaged in automotive information services are rarely profitable, but operating costs are relatively high. If the problem of charging models cannot be solved, it will become quite dangerous. To some extent, these advanced car networking services have also become the touchstone for the development of the entire industry. If a matching business model cannot be found, even if the management and technical problems are solved in the future, the connected car industry will become difficult to survive. In addition, due to the lack of unified planning, many enterprises integrate functions on the vehicle-mounted intelligent platform to satisfy the use of drivers, while ignoring the government's considerations for vehicles and traffic management. "Automobile space is more precious. We are taking the lead in organizing experts from all parties to confirm that all functions that can be achieved in the future car networking will be assembled on an intelligent platform, and the future market will not be chaotic." Li Haifeng said.
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April 16, 2020