Electronic enthusiast network: This article mainly describes the power electronics technology in automotive systems. Abstract: At the beginning of the 20th century, electronic products were used in automotive systems. In addition, in the 1960s, with the advent of solid electronic products, automotive electronics became popular. Today, there are several trends driving the automotive market's demand for electronic products, especially the demand for power semiconductor devices. they are, respectively: (1) The advanced powertrain control system improves fuel economy and reduces vehicle emissions. These systems must more accurately control the combustion process, provide continuous status checks, and require the power and analog control functions necessary for normal operation of the system. Fairchild's 40V and 60V PowerTrench MOSFET devices, high-side switches, and smart ignition products can meet these requirements. (2) Significant demands for passenger comfort and convenience functions, such as seat heating and seat cooling, automatic seat positioning, advanced lighting, and multi-zone heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). These system applications all require greater power and more power management. Fairchild's integrated high-side switches and other products have the function of efficiently controlling and managing the above power loads. (3) Alternative powertrain technologies such as electric and hybrid electric propulsion systems need to significantly increase the power handling capacity of automobiles, and new automotive electronic products such as DC / DC converters that can handle 1kW to 40kW are required. Depending on the structure of the vehicle, an integrated hybrid powertrain (Integrated Starter Generator, ISG) and traction motor inverter are required to handle 5kW ~ 120kW or higher power. Fairchild ’s PowerTrench MOSFETs, field-stop IGBTs, smart switches and gate drivers and other power electronics products that have passed automotive product certification are available in discrete or advanced modules, providing cost-effective solutions for these advanced systems. (4) Mature auxiliary systems such as electric power steering are increasingly turning from mechanical to electronic. With development, these systems require greater current density and lower power consumption. Fairchild's 30 / 40V MOSFET and automotive power module (APM) technologies are the foundation for providing the high efficiency and high power density solutions required for these applications. Systems using Fairchild's smart power and power technology 1. Discrete power device (DC-DC converter) At present, one of the most important environmental issues is the pollution caused by the combustion of hydrocarbons as one of the main energy sources for transportation. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (EV) are gradually becoming alternative power transmission systems for "green" transportation. These vehicles not only involve traction components, but also promote new applications in electrical energy conversion. One of the key modules in hybrid vehicles is the DC / DC converter used for the auxiliary power supply of electrical loads, because HEV and EV still use auxiliary loads such as head / tail lights, heating fans and audio systems. The converter must have the ability to handle the conversion from high voltage to 12V, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 HEV / EV electrical load requires energy conversion. Therefore, application engineers have focused their attention on high-voltage power devices such as MOSFETs and IGBTs in HEV and HE systems. There are several ways to control the energy conversion from high voltage to low voltage. Usually full-bridge and phase-shifting techniques are used to isolate high and low voltages. The auxiliary power converter in this type of application represents the efficient management of the battery pack to the high-voltage DC bus. Depending on the power of the electric motor, the range is 200V ~ Between 800V. In addition, the efficiency of the system is a key feature and an important parameter for design choice. The design trend of the converter is to achieve 90% or higher efficiency over a wide range of load conditions. The reliability of the converter is crucial, because the failure will cause the discharge of the 12V battery, thus causing the failure of all accessories driven by battery power. On the other hand, efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues cannot be ignored. Therefore, soft switching and energy recovery technologies such as active clamping are very beneficial.
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April 16, 2020