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**What is the Test Environment?**
Before testing any software, it's essential to set up a proper test environment. So, what exactly is a test environment? In simple terms, it refers to the platform on which the software will run. A test environment typically consists of three main components: software, hardware, and network. In other words, **test environment = software + hardware + network**.
**Hardware** includes devices like PCs, laptops, servers, and various terminals. For example, when testing software like Photoshop, you need to decide whether it will be tested on a PC or a laptop. Will it run on an Intel Core processor or an AMD Ryzen? The performance of the software can vary significantly depending on the hardware configuration.
**Software** refers to the operating system and other applications that the software under test interacts with. When testing Photoshop, for instance, you might test it on Windows XP or Vista, and there could be compatibility issues. Additionally, the software may have to coexist with other programs, so compatibility is an important factor to consider.
**Network** plays a crucial role, especially for client-server (C/S) or browser-server (B/S) architectures. For example, if the customer’s network uses a Gigabit Ethernet connection, but your test environment only has a 100 Mbps setup, this difference could affect response times and overall performance. Ensuring a realistic network setup is key to accurate testing.
The above explanation gives a clear understanding of what a test environment is. Now, let’s look at **how to set up a test environment**. Generally, the following principles should be followed:
1. **Realism**: Try to replicate the actual user environment as closely as possible. Project-based software may have simpler requirements, while product-based software needs more comprehensive testing due to broader user diversity.
2. **Cleanliness**: Avoid installing unnecessary software in the test environment. Sometimes, differences in installed software can lead to unexpected issues. However, sometimes intentionally leaving out certain software helps test compatibility.
3. **Safety**: Ensure the environment is free from harmful elements. Testing should always take place in a secure and controlled setting.
4. **Independence**: Keep the test environment separate from the development environment. This prevents interference and ensures more reliable results.
**Test Environment Classification**
- Functional test environment
- Performance test environment
**Test Environment Setup Steps**
- Developers create an installation and maintenance manual.
- The environment is manually or automatically configured based on the manual.
- Documentation must be detailed and regularly updated to reflect changes.
**Test Environment Construction Principles**
- As close as possible to the production environment.
- Use scaling down methods, such as one application server, one cache server, and one database server, or multiple servers per layer to simulate a distributed setup.
- The production environment should be tested thoroughly before deployment.
**Personal Note: Our Environment Is Divided Into Three Sets**
1. **Test Environment**: Used for daily testing and bug verification.
2. **Development Environment**: Used by developers for debugging and fixing bugs.
3. **Demo Environment**: Used for marketing demonstrations. It should have real data and be stable enough to ensure no major issues are present. We initially created our demo environment using a virtual machine, which made it easy to carry around. Later, we deployed it directly to AWS, allowing external access and reducing many logistical challenges.
We also have environments for on-site deployment, including online, ST, SIT, E2E, and replica setups. For performance testing, we use two approaches: first, testing internal modules without external interfaces to ensure internal performance, and second, opening all interfaces for joint testing to identify bottlenecks through TPS metrics.
**Environment Configuration Includes:**
- Installing Oracle Database on Linux.
- Setting up a Web Server with Tomcat, supporting multi-port and multi-instance configurations for service delivery.
- Installing Openfire for communication between devices.
- Configuring HTTPS with a CA certificate, which must be installed on web terminals or mobile apps.
- Starting the server and verifying service availability via a browser.
Additional components like Nginx and load balancers may also be involved. Finally, it’s recommended to use Jenkins for automated version deployment and integration.
September 28, 2025